{"id":55881,"date":"2024-03-26T10:05:10","date_gmt":"2024-03-26T17:05:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/melatonin-chronobiologia\/exogenne-poruchy-spanku\/"},"modified":"2024-03-26T10:05:11","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T17:05:11","slug":"exogenne-poruchy-spanku","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/sk\/melatonin-chronobiologia\/exogenne-poruchy-spanku\/","title":{"rendered":"Exog\u00e9nne poruchy sp\u00e1nku"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row full_width=“stretch_row“ el_class=“banner-top“ css=“.vc_custom_1479393416057{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/melatonin_sleep_disturbances.jpg?id=11711) !important;}“][vc_column][vc_custom_heading source=“post_title“ font_container=“tag:h1|text_align:center“ use_theme_fonts=“yes“][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=“melatoninfacts“][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Exog\u00e9nne poruchy sp\u00e1nku<\/h2>\n

Poruchy sp\u00e1nku m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 mnoho r\u00f4znych pr\u00ed\u010din. Rozli\u0161uj\u00fa sa poruchy sp\u00e1nku, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa v d\u00f4sledku endog\u00e9nnej poruchy, alebo tie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vyvolan\u00e9 vonkaj\u0161\u00edmi alebo exog\u00e9nnymi faktormi. Tie mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na nasleduj\u00face:[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_tta_accordion color=“turquoise“ c_icon=“chevron“ c_position=“right“ active_section=“99″ no_fill=“true“ collapsible_all=“true“][vc_tta_section title=“Jetlag a pr\u00e1ca na zmeny“ tab_id=“1479159301199-fd863768-f6afa61f-d34d“][vc_row_inner css=“.vc_custom_1479393829403{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/disturb_1.jpg?id=11714) !important;}“][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Jetlag sa prejavuje vtedy, ak sa v kr\u00e1tkom \u010dase prech\u00e1dza viacer\u00fdmi \u010dasov\u00fdmi p\u00e1smami a prirodzen\u00e9 vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 hodiny u\u017e nie s\u00fa v s\u00falade so skuto\u010dn\u00fdm denn\u00fdm \u010dasom. To sp\u00f4sobuje zm\u00e4tok v hormon\u00e1lnej rovnov\u00e1he, ktor\u00e1 je z\u00e1kladom norm\u00e1lneho a typick\u00e9ho denn\u00e9ho rytmu. Jetlag je t\u00fdm z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm viac \u010dasov\u00fdch p\u00e1siem sa prekon\u00e1, preto\u017ee prisp\u00f4sobovanie vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho rytmu m\u00f4\u017ee prebieha\u0165 len pomaly. Medzi typick\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky patr\u00ed no\u010dn\u00e1 nespavos\u0165 a ospalos\u0165 po\u010das d\u0148a, celkov\u00e1 nepohoda a \u010fal\u0161ie somatick\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky, ako s\u00fa \u0165a\u017ekosti so s\u00fastreden\u00edm a kardiovaskul\u00e1rne probl\u00e9my. Mo\u017en\u00e9 s\u00fa aj dopady na zdravie: denn\u00e1 ospalos\u0165, probl\u00e9my so zasp\u00e1van\u00edm a udr\u017ean\u00edm sp\u00e1nku v noci, obmedzen\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 zdatnos\u0165, zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 kognit\u00edvna schopnos\u0165, v\u00fdkyvy n\u00e1lad a gastrointestin\u00e1lne a psychosomatick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Reak\u010dn\u00fd \u010das m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 tie\u017e zhor\u0161en\u00fd. V najhor\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edpadoch sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 kardiovaskul\u00e1rne ochorenia, cukrovka a rakovina.<\/p>\n

V tomto pr\u00edpade je melaton\u00edn \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd pri regul\u00e1cii posunu rytmu sp\u00e1nok-bdenie, ako k nim doch\u00e1dza, najm\u00e4 pri lete cez viacer\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 p\u00e1sma. Viacer\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie dok\u00e1zali, \u017ee melaton\u00edn m\u00f4\u017ee ur\u00fdchli\u0165 prisp\u00f4sobenie sa nov\u00e9mu \u010dasov\u00e9mu p\u00e1smu. Melaton\u00edn sa osved\u010dil aj pri zmier\u0148ovan\u00ed \u010fal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edznakov jetlag. Melaton\u00edn je vhodn\u00fd aj pre pracovn\u00edkov pracuj\u00facich na zmeny, ktor\u00ed \u010dasto trpia poruchami sp\u00e1nku, preto\u017ee t\u00edto \u013eudia – podobne ako \u013eudia so syndr\u00f3mom jetlag – s\u00fa vystaven\u00ed \u010dast\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m denn\u00e9ho rytmu. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby sa prihliadalo na presn\u00e9 na\u010dasovanie pr\u00edjmu, aby bol posun f\u00e1z sp\u00f4soben\u00fd melaton\u00ednom \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd. Pr\u00edkladom tak\u00e9hoto ide\u00e1lneho \u010dasu je napr\u00edklad \u010das medzi 21.00 a 22.00 hodinou nov\u00e9ho \u010dasov\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma pri jetlagu a jedna hodina pred novou f\u00e1zou odpo\u010dinku u pracovn\u00edkov pracuj\u00facich na zmeny. Tento typ chronoterapie mo\u017eno podpori\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom svetelnej terapie, pri ktorej sa na kr\u00e1tky \u010das aplikuje siln\u00e9 svetlo priamo na o\u010di. Pri jetlagu sa t\u00e1to terapia vykon\u00e1va r\u00e1no v novom \u010dasovom p\u00e1sme a bezprostredne pred akt\u00edvnou f\u00e1zou u pracovn\u00edkov na zmeny.<\/p>\n

Farmakologicky vyvolan\u00e9 poruchy sp\u00e1nku<\/h3>\n

Mnoh\u00e9 lieky a\/alebo stimulanty m\u00f4\u017eu tie\u017e negat\u00edvne ovplyvni\u0165 uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie melaton\u00ednu. Bolo dok\u00e1zan\u00e9, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 lieky na spanie, ako napr\u00edklad benzodiazep\u00edn, ako aj srdcov\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky, napr\u00edklad betablok\u00e1tory, potl\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa tvorbu melaton\u00ednu. Nadmern\u00e1 konzum\u00e1cia alkoholu a\/alebo kofe\u00ednu z k\u00e1vy alebo \u010dierneho \u010daju m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 tie\u017e negat\u00edvny vplyv na uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie melaton\u00ednu a vies\u0165 k naru\u0161eniu sp\u00e1nku alebo k nezdrav\u00e9mu sp\u00e1nku. Pri snahe podpori\u0165 endog\u00e9nnu produkciu melaton\u00ednu u\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm predbe\u017en\u00fdch l\u00e1tok, ako je tryptof\u00e1n a\/alebo 5HTP, je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee star\u0161\u00ed \u013eudia u\u017e nie s\u00fa schopn\u00ed syntetizova\u0165 melaton\u00edn z uveden\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. V\u00fdsledkom ve\u010dern\u00e9ho podania t\u00fdchto produktov je potom zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 hladina seroton\u00ednu, ktor\u00e1 vedie sk\u00f4r k bdelosti ako k zv\u00fd\u0161enej hladine melaton\u00ednu, pri\u010dom kone\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdsledkom je farmakologicky vyvolan\u00e9 naru\u0161enie sp\u00e1nku.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_accordion][vc_tta_accordion color=“turquoise“ c_icon=“chevron“ c_position=“right“ active_section=“99″ no_fill=“true“ collapsible_all=“true“][vc_tta_section title=“Endog\u00e9nne poruchy sp\u00e1nku“ tab_id=“1481055229702-eb1cfb13-afda“][vc_row_inner css=“.vc_custom_1479393849506{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/disturb_2.jpg?id=11713) !important;}“][vc_column_inner][vc_column_text]Pri endog\u00e9nnych poruch\u00e1ch sp\u00e1nku je mno\u017estvo produkovan\u00e9ho melaton\u00ednu bu\u010f zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9, alebo sa melaton\u00edn uvo\u013e\u0148uje v nespr\u00e1vnom \u010dase, hoci \u010dlovek m\u00e1 norm\u00e1lny denn\u00fd\/no\u010dn\u00fd rytmus.<\/p>\n

Syndr\u00f3m oneskoren\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupu sp\u00e1nku<\/h3>\n

Pri syndr\u00f3me oneskoren\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupu sp\u00e1nku je pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 porucha sp\u00e1nku, ktor\u00e1 je sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 posunut\u00fdm rytmom melaton\u00ednu. Zvy\u010dajne sa objavuje u dospievaj\u00facich a mlad\u00fdch dospel\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed patria k chronotypu „no\u010dn\u00fdch sov“. Z noci si robia de\u0148 a zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa hore a\u017e do skor\u00fdch rann\u00fdch hod\u00edn a potom spia a\u017e do popoludnia. Postihnut\u00ed uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa chronick\u00fa nespavos\u0165.<\/p>\n

Syndr\u00f3m oneskoren\u00e9ho n\u00e1stupu sp\u00e1nku t\u00fdchto sov sa naj\u013eah\u0161ie lie\u010di pomocou rannej svetelnej terapie. Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa vykon\u00e1va\u0165 sveteln\u00fa terapiu skoro r\u00e1no, aby sa rytmus sp\u00e1nku a bdenia posunul dopredu. Podobn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky mo\u017eno dosiahnu\u0165 aj u\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm melaton\u00ednu v prv\u00fdch ve\u010dern\u00fdch hodin\u00e1ch, \u010di u\u017e ide o r\u00fdchlo sa uvo\u013e\u0148uj\u00faci alebo pulzuj\u00faci melaton\u00edn. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je aj kombin\u00e1cia oboch terapi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Poruchy sp\u00e1nku a bdenia u nevidiacich (syndr\u00f3m Non-24)<\/h3>\n

Non-24 je z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1, \u0165a\u017ek\u00e1 a chronick\u00e1 porucha rytmu de\u0148\/noc, ktor\u00e1 sa vyskytuje najm\u00e4 u nevidiacich. \u013dudia so syndr\u00f3mom non-24 nie s\u00fa schopn\u00ed prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 alebo synchronizova\u0165 svoje vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 hodiny 24-hodinov\u00e9mu rytmu d\u0148a. T\u00edto \u013eudia \u017eij\u00fa vo vlastnom rytme, ktor\u00fd trv\u00e1 24 a pol a\u017e 25 hod\u00edn. To vedie k tomu, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 zasp\u00e1vaj\u00fa a vst\u00e1vaj\u00fa o 30 – 60 min\u00fat nesk\u00f4r. Pod\u013ea toho sa pos\u00favaj\u00fa aj v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 rytmy tela, ako je telesn\u00e1 teplota, uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie horm\u00f3nov alebo v\u00fd\u0161ka aktivity.<\/p>\n

Cie\u013eom chronobiologicky spr\u00e1vnej terapie je synchronizova\u0165 vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 hodiny postihnut\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed s 24-hodinov\u00fdm rytmom d\u0148a. V pr\u00edpade potreby sa to m\u00f4\u017ee uskuto\u010dni\u0165 r\u00e1no prostredn\u00edctvom svetelnej terapie, ako aj prostredn\u00edctvom l\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 potl\u00e1\u010daj\u00fa denn\u00fa ospalos\u0165. To v\u0161ak funguje len u t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa e\u0161te schopn\u00ed minim\u00e1lne vn\u00edma\u0165 svetlo a tmu. U v\u0161etk\u00fdch ostatn\u00fdch pacientov by malo no\u010dn\u00e9 pod\u00e1vanie melaton\u00ednu alebo podobne p\u00f4sobiacich l\u00e1tok podpori\u0165 sp\u00e1nok a sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako \u010dasomiera, pod\u013ea ktorej sa maj\u00fa riadi\u0165 vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 hodiny.<\/p>\n

Na prisp\u00f4sobenie endog\u00e9nneho rytmu nevidiacich norm\u00e1lnemu rytmu de\u0148\/noc sa m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017ei\u0165 r\u00f4zne l\u00e1tky: Na jednej strane sa m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017ei\u0165 melaton\u00edn ako horm\u00f3n, ktor\u00fd ve\u010der ur\u010duje \u010das. Prostredn\u00edctvom po\u017eitia melaton\u00ednu, \u010di u\u017e ide o r\u00fdchlo sa uvo\u013e\u0148uj\u00faci alebo pulzuj\u00faci pr\u00edpravok, sa telu signalizuje, \u017ee teraz je noc. V poslednom \u010dase s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii aj niektor\u00e9 l\u00e1tky podobn\u00e9 melaton\u00ednu, napr\u00edklad Tasimelteon (Hetlioz\u00ae), ktor\u00fd sa tie\u017e mus\u00ed u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ve\u010der a p\u00f4sob\u00ed cez melaton\u00ednov\u00e9 receptory v mozgu na nastavenie vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch hod\u00edn pod\u013ea rytmu de\u0148\/noc.<\/p>\n

Poruchy sp\u00e1nku v starobe a v osobitn\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n

Aj ke\u010f u \u013eud\u00ed zatia\u013e nebol dok\u00e1zan\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok predl\u017euj\u00faci \u017eivot, je ist\u00e9, \u017ee melaton\u00edn pozit\u00edvne ovplyv\u0148uje kvalitu \u017eivota, najm\u00e4 u star\u0161\u00edch \u013eud\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 sa, \u017ee horm\u00f3n je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd pri lie\u010dbe r\u00f4znych procesov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00favisia so starnut\u00edm, ako s\u00fa poruchy rytmu sp\u00e1nok-bdenie, zn\u00ed\u017eenie krvn\u00e9ho tlaku a pri \u00faprave nedostatkov imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa tie\u017e, \u017ee horm\u00f3n pom\u00e1ha pri oddialen\u00ed molekul\u00e1rnej de\u0161trukcie, straty buniek a zhor\u0161ovania stavu organizmu, \u010do s\u00fa v\u0161etko faktory, ktor\u00e9 prispievaj\u00fa k starnutiu.<\/p>\n

V d\u00f4sledku vekom podmienen\u00e9ho poklesu no\u010dnej hladiny melaton\u00ednu star\u0161\u00ed \u013eudia \u010dasto trpia poruchami sp\u00e1nku. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd \u010dlovek star\u0161\u00ed ako 65 rokov trp\u00ed poruchami sp\u00e1nku. V tomto pr\u00edpade sa lie\u010dba melaton\u00ednom uk\u00e1zala ako u\u017eito\u010dn\u00e1. \u0160t\u00fadie preuk\u00e1zali, \u017ee u\u017e\u00edvanie melaton\u00ednu zabezpe\u010dilo nielen zlep\u0161enie kvality sp\u00e1nku, ale aj zn\u00ed\u017eenie depresie a ob\u00e1v. Pozit\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok tohto horm\u00f3nu mo\u017eno prip\u00edsa\u0165 jeho schopnosti normalizova\u0165 cirkadi\u00e1nny rytmus. Tak\u00fdto zregenerovan\u00fd rytmus potom m\u00f4\u017ee pozit\u00edvne ovplyvni\u0165 v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 fyziologick\u00e9 procesy a m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 kvalitu \u017eivota a pr\u00edpadne by\u0165 faktorom predl\u017euj\u00facim d\u013a\u017eku \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

Osobitnou skupinou pacientov s\u00fa \u017eeny prech\u00e1dzaj\u00face menopauzou. T\u00fato \u017eivotn\u00fa etapu sprev\u00e1dzaj\u00fa hlboko zakorenen\u00e9 hormon\u00e1lne zmeny, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa nielen k probl\u00e9mom so sp\u00e1nkom, ale m\u00f4\u017eu vyvol\u00e1va\u0165 aj \u010fal\u0161ie pr\u00edznaky. Rozsah, v akom sa vylu\u010dovanie melaton\u00ednu touto udalos\u0165ou men\u00ed, je st\u00e1le predmetom r\u00f4znych v\u00fdskumov. Napriek tomu sa v \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch so \u017eenami v perimenopauze podarilo preuk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee \u010dinnos\u0165 hypof\u00fdzy, ako aj funkcia \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy sa m\u00f4\u017ee zlep\u0161i\u0165 po\u017eit\u00edm melaton\u00ednu. Okrem toho v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u017eien lie\u010den\u00fdch melaton\u00ednom uv\u00e1dzala celkov\u00e9 zlep\u0161enie n\u00e1lady a v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 zmiernenie depresie. T\u00fato t\u00e9zu podporuje skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee vysok\u00e1 koncentr\u00e1cia melaton\u00ednu vo vy\u0161\u0161om veku – ako to preuk\u00e1zali v\u0161etky predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face \u0161t\u00fadie – zlep\u0161uje celkov\u00fa pohodu a m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k zmierneniu chor\u00f4b s\u00favisiacich s vekom. Tento \u00fa\u010dinok odr\u00e1\u017ea \u00fa\u010dinok melaton\u00ednu ako regul\u00e1tora sp\u00e1nku, ako aj \u00fa\u010dinok siln\u00e9ho antioxidantu. U v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, vr\u00e1tane \u017eien v menopauze, bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 preuk\u00e1za\u0165, \u017ee pokojn\u00fd sp\u00e1nok v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161uje celkov\u00fa pohodu na druh\u00fd de\u0148.<\/p>\n

Poruchy sp\u00e1nku pri zimnej depresii<\/h3>\n

Takzvan\u00e1 zimn\u00e1 depresia, zn\u00e1ma aj ako sez\u00f3nna afekt\u00edvna porucha (SAD), sa zaober\u00e1 osobitnou formou depresie, ktor\u00e1 sa najviac vyskytuje v jesenn\u00fdch a zimn\u00fdch mesiacoch. Hlavn\u00fdmi pr\u00edznakmi s\u00fa potla\u010den\u00e1 n\u00e1lada, zn\u00ed\u017eenie hladiny energie a bojazlivos\u0165, ako aj pred\u013a\u017eenie \u010dasu sp\u00e1nku, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 chu\u0165 na sladk\u00e9 (la\u010dn\u00e1 chu\u0165 na sacharidy) a priberanie na v\u00e1he. Na druhej strane depresiu, ktor\u00e1 nie je charakterizovan\u00e1 sez\u00f3nne, sprev\u00e1dza sk\u00f4r strata chuti do jedla, \u00fabytok hmotnosti a skr\u00e1tenie sp\u00e1nku. Ke\u010f\u017ee tento typ depresie sa \u010dastej\u0161ie vyskytuje v regi\u00f3noch, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa dlh\u00e9 zimy s dlh\u00fdmi nocami (napr\u00edklad pol\u00e1rne oblasti), predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee t\u00edto \u013eudia trpia poruchou produkcie melaton\u00ednu. T\u00edto \u013eudia \u010dasto uvo\u013e\u0148uj\u00fa melaton\u00edn \u010dastej\u0161ie a dlh\u0161ie.<\/p>\n

Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee pozit\u00edvny \u00fa\u010dinok exog\u00e9nneho melaton\u00ednu by sa dal e\u0161te preuk\u00e1za\u0165. U\u017e mal\u00e1, podve\u010dern\u00e1 d\u00e1vka melaton\u00ednu v r\u00fdchlo sa uvo\u013e\u0148uj\u00facej liekovej forme m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 zlep\u0161i\u0165 synchroniz\u00e1ciu vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch hod\u00edn a biologick\u00e9ho denn\u00e9ho rytmu so sveteln\u00fdmi podmienkami pr\u00edtomn\u00fdmi po\u010das zimy, \u010do v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161uje emocion\u00e1lny stav. Okrem toho sa ako mo\u017enos\u0165 lie\u010dby osved\u010dila aj sveteln\u00e1 terapia. Pri aplik\u00e1cii r\u00e1no nielen\u017ee zni\u017euje rann\u00fa hladinu melaton\u00ednu, ale pozit\u00edvne ovplyv\u0148uje aj cel\u00fd rytmus.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_accordion][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row full_width=“stretch_row“ el_class=“banner-top“ css=“.vc_custom_1479393416057{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/melatonin_sleep_disturbances.jpg?id=11711) !important;}“][vc_column][vc_custom_heading source=“post_title“ font_container=“tag:h1|text_align:center“ use_theme_fonts=“yes“][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=“melatoninfacts“][vc_column][vc_column_text] Exog\u00e9nne poruchy sp\u00e1nku Poruchy sp\u00e1nku m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 mnoho r\u00f4znych pr\u00ed\u010din. Rozli\u0161uj\u00fa sa poruchy sp\u00e1nku, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa v d\u00f4sledku endog\u00e9nnej poruchy, alebo tie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vyvolan\u00e9 vonkaj\u0161\u00edmi alebo exog\u00e9nnymi faktormi. Tie mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na nasleduj\u00face:[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_tta_accordion color=“turquoise“ c_icon=“chevron“ c_position=“right“ active_section=“99″ no_fill=“true“ collapsible_all=“true“][vc_tta_section title=“Jetlag a pr\u00e1ca na zmeny“ […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":55882,"parent":55865,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"full-width-content","footnotes":""},"categories":[523,517],"class_list":{"0":"post-55881","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"category-melatonin-sk","7":"category-spanok","8":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nExog\u00e9nne poruchy sp\u00e1nku – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/sk\/melatonin-chronobiologia\/exogenne-poruchy-spanku\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Exog\u00e9nne poruchy sp\u00e1nku\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row full_width=“stretch_row“ el_class=“banner-top“ css=“.vc_custom_1479393416057{background-image: url(https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/melatonin_sleep_disturbances.jpg?id=11711) !important;}“][vc_column][vc_custom_heading source=“post_title“ font_container=“tag:h1|text_align:center“ use_theme_fonts=“yes“][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=“melatoninfacts“][vc_column][vc_column_text] Exog\u00e9nne poruchy sp\u00e1nku Poruchy sp\u00e1nku m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 mnoho r\u00f4znych pr\u00ed\u010din. Rozli\u0161uj\u00fa sa poruchy sp\u00e1nku, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa v d\u00f4sledku endog\u00e9nnej poruchy, alebo tie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa vyvolan\u00e9 vonkaj\u0161\u00edmi alebo exog\u00e9nnymi faktormi. 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