{"id":58703,"date":"2018-07-12T11:40:31","date_gmt":"2018-07-12T18:40:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/sleep-regulating-protein-linked-to-new-type-of-depression\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T14:57:47","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T21:57:47","slug":"une-prot-ine-r-gulatrice-du-sommeil-li-e-un-nouveau-type-de-d-pression","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/fr\/une-prot-ine-r-gulatrice-du-sommeil-li-e-un-nouveau-type-de-d-pression\/","title":{"rendered":"Une prot\u00e9ine r\u00e9gulatrice du sommeil li\u00e9e \u00e0 un nouveau type de d\u00e9pression"},"content":{"rendered":"

Des scientifiques ont identifi\u00e9 un nouveau type de d\u00e9pression qui pourrait \u00eatre caus\u00e9 par une prot\u00e9ine sp\u00e9cifique de l’organisme li\u00e9e \u00e0 la r\u00e9gulation du sommeil. Ces d\u00e9couvertes pourraient conduire \u00e0 la mise au point de nouveaux traitements<\/a> pour les personnes souffrant de d\u00e9pression qui ne r\u00e9pondent pas aux m\u00e9dicaments traditionnels.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9pression : Une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie mondiale<\/h2>\n

Dans son dernier rapport sur l’\u00e9pid\u00e9mie croissante de d\u00e9pression<\/a>, l’Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 a fait part de r\u00e9sultats indiquant que plus de 300 millions de personnes souffrent de cette maladie mentale particuli\u00e8re. Ce qui rend cette nouvelle encore plus alarmante, c’est que l’apparition de sympt\u00f4mes d\u00e9pressifs peut conduire de nombreuses personnes \u00e0 se tourner vers le suicide plut\u00f4t que vers une th\u00e9rapie. M\u00eame dans les cas o\u00f9 l’individu cherche de l’aide, le traitement m\u00e9dical est parfois inefficace et le patient peut finir par penser qu’il n’y a gu\u00e8re de raison d’esp\u00e9rer un soulagement.<\/p>\n

Les personnes qui ne souffrent pas de d\u00e9pression peuvent en conclure que cette maladie mentale est simplement un \u00e9tat de tristesse. Cependant, le deuil d’\u00e9v\u00e9nements particuliers de la vie est un \u00e9tat totalement diff\u00e9rent de la d\u00e9pression clinique. Lorsqu’une personne souffre de la maladie mentale qu’est la d\u00e9pression, tous les aspects de sa vie en sont affect\u00e9s. Elle peut finir par s’isoler au point de perdre son emploi ou de saboter ses relations personnelles.<\/p>\n

En plus d’une tristesse qui peut durer plusieurs jours, la personne peut se d\u00e9sint\u00e9resser des activit\u00e9s qui la rendent normalement heureuse et avoir des crises d’angoisse. Les sympt\u00f4mes physiques de la d\u00e9pression comprennent des maux de t\u00eate fr\u00e9quents et l’apparition de troubles du sommeil<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Tous les patients ne b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient pas du traitement traditionnel<\/h2>\n

L’American Psychiatric Association signale que pr\u00e8s de 30 % des patients ne r\u00e9agissent pas<\/a> bien aux m\u00e9dicaments g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement utilis\u00e9s pour traiter la d\u00e9pression. Cela signifie que beaucoup trop de personnes souffrant de d\u00e9pression n’ont aucune chance de voir leurs sympt\u00f4mes s’att\u00e9nuer, ce qui a incit\u00e9 les chercheurs \u00e0 se pencher sur les raisons de cette disparit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"Sleep-Regulating<\/a>Les r\u00e9sultats d’une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e \u00e0 l’universit\u00e9 d’Hiroshima, au Japon, ont r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s dans la revue Neuroscience<\/em>. Ce projet de recherche a mis en \u00e9vidence une raison de l’inefficacit\u00e9 des m\u00e9dicaments dans certains cas de d\u00e9pression, \u00e0 savoir qu’il existerait une nouvelle forme de d\u00e9pression li\u00e9e \u00e0 la prot\u00e9ine RGS8, qui est produite par le g\u00e8ne RGS8 chez l’homme. Cette prot\u00e9ine a pour fonction de contr\u00f4ler le fonctionnement d’un r\u00e9cepteur hormonal sp\u00e9cifique, MCHR1, en ce qui concerne la r\u00e9gulation de l’humeur, du sommeil et de l’app\u00e9tit. L’\u00e9tude a montr\u00e9 que la pr\u00e9sence de RGS8 rend MCHR1 inactif dans les cellules en culture.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe de recherche a notamment test\u00e9 les niveaux d’activit\u00e9 de souris souffrant de d\u00e9pression. Avant de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 tout changement, ils ont soumis les souris test\u00e9es \u00e0 un parcours de natation afin de mesurer l’activit\u00e9 physique de chacune d’entre elles. Le temps d’activit\u00e9 de chaque souris a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9duit du temps total de la p\u00e9riode de test. Cela a permis aux chercheurs de savoir combien de temps les souris \u00e9taient normalement inactives. L’\u00e9tude a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que les souris ayant une faible quantit\u00e9 de prot\u00e9ines RGS8 \u00e9taient plus actives que celles qui en avaient une plus grande quantit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les chercheurs ont poursuivi leur \u00e9tude en administrant un antid\u00e9presseur \u00e0 certaines souris et un m\u00e9dicament emp\u00eachant le fonctionnement du r\u00e9cepteur hormonal MCHR1 \u00e0 d’autres souris. Les p\u00e9riodes d’inactivit\u00e9 sont devenues plus courtes chez les souris ayant re\u00e7u les antid\u00e9presseurs, mais les p\u00e9riodes d’immobilit\u00e9 n’ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 affect\u00e9es par le m\u00e9dicament administr\u00e9 aux autres souris. Cela indique que c’est la quantit\u00e9 de RGS8 qui influence ce type particulier de d\u00e9pression. Ces premiers r\u00e9sultats ont incit\u00e9 l’\u00e9tude \u00e0 se concentrer plus directement sur la mani\u00e8re dont la prot\u00e9ine RGS8 affecte les cellules du cerveau.<\/p>\n

Traiter un nouveau type de d\u00e9pression<\/h2>\n

Ensuite, les chercheurs ont voulu voir comment la corr\u00e9lation entre MCHR1 et RGS8<\/a> affectait les cils de certaines cellules du cerveau. Les cils ressemblent \u00e0 des poils d\u00e9passant de certaines cellules et sont particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9sents dans les cellules de l’hippocampe. Ces cellules, appel\u00e9es cellules CA1, contiennent les concentrations les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es de RGS8 dans l’organisme.<\/p>\n

Pour simuler une pr\u00e9sence plus importante de RGS8, les chercheurs ont inject\u00e9 aux souris un m\u00e9dicament qui inhibait le fonctionnement de MCHR1. Les cils se sont alors allong\u00e9s et, si l’on se r\u00e9f\u00e8re aux \u00e9tudes ant\u00e9rieures, on sait que la formation anormale de cils est li\u00e9e aux maladies de la r\u00e9tine, \u00e0 l’ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, aux maladies r\u00e9nales et \u00e0 de nombreux autres probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Qu’est-ce que cela signifie pour les patients atteints de d\u00e9pression qui ne r\u00e9pondent pas normalement aux traitements m\u00e9dicamenteux ? Les r\u00e9sultats de l’\u00e9tude indiquent que ce nouveau type de d\u00e9pression peut \u00eatre trait\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s en manipulant le d\u00e9veloppement de RGS8 dans l’organisme. Si les \u00e9tudes futures parviennent \u00e0 mieux cerner la relation entre RGS8 et la d\u00e9pression, elles pourront peut-\u00eatre mettre au point de nouveaux m\u00e9dicaments plus efficaces pour traiter ce type de d\u00e9pression<\/a>. La promesse d’un nouveau traitement de la d\u00e9pression sugg\u00e8re que les gens n’auront plus \u00e0 vivre avec cette maladie et \u00e0 souffrir de ses sympt\u00f4mes. \u00c0 mesure que ces recherches sont mises \u00e0 l’\u00e9preuve et aboutissent \u00e0 de nouvelles pharmacoth\u00e9rapies, des millions de personnes ont l’espoir d’un traitement qui r\u00e9sout la d\u00e9pression en s’attaquant \u00e0 la cause sous-jacente.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Des scientifiques ont identifi\u00e9 un nouveau type de d\u00e9pression qui pourrait \u00eatre caus\u00e9 par une prot\u00e9ine sp\u00e9cifique de l’organisme li\u00e9e \u00e0 la r\u00e9gulation du sommeil. Ces d\u00e9couvertes pourraient conduire \u00e0 la mise au point de nouveaux traitements pour les personnes souffrant de d\u00e9pression qui ne r\u00e9pondent pas aux m\u00e9dicaments traditionnels. La d\u00e9pression : Une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":22295,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[174,259,255],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-58703","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-le-rythme-circadien","8":"category-sante-mentale","9":"category-sommeil","10":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUne prot\u00e9ine r\u00e9gulatrice du sommeil li\u00e9e \u00e0 un nouveau type de d\u00e9pression – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists have identified a new type of depression that may be caused by 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