{"id":58410,"date":"2016-07-06T16:53:11","date_gmt":"2016-07-06T23:53:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/ancestors-slept-two-cycles\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T14:46:57","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T21:46:57","slug":"nos-anc-tres-dormaient-en-deux-cycles-devrions-nous-le-faire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/fr\/nos-anc-tres-dormaient-en-deux-cycles-devrions-nous-le-faire\/","title":{"rendered":"Nos anc\u00eatres dormaient en deux cycles, devrions-nous le faire ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Faut-il vraiment dormir<\/a> huit heures d’affil\u00e9e pour se sentir en bonne sant\u00e9 et bien repos\u00e9 ? Il est prouv\u00e9 que nos anc\u00eatres s’\u00e9panouissaient gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une pratique connue sous le nom de sommeil segment\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les historiens et les biologistes ont tous deux \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la fa\u00e7on dont nous dormions dans le pass\u00e9, \u00e0 la fois pour comprendre les habitudes quotidiennes de l’\u00e9poque et pour comprendre comment nous devrions dormir aujourd’hui. Il est int\u00e9ressant de noter que de nombreux documents historiques indiquent que nos anc\u00eatres suivaient une pratique appel\u00e9e sommeil segment\u00e9, dans laquelle ils dormaient pendant plusieurs heures, se r\u00e9veillaient un moment, puis dormaient encore quelques heures avant de se r\u00e9veiller pour la journ\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Les habitudes de sommeil d’hier et d’aujourd’hui<\/h2>\n

Avant l’av\u00e8nement de l’\u00e9clairage \u00e9lectrique moderne, les gens se couchaient \u00e0 la tomb\u00e9e de la nuit et se r\u00e9veillaient avec le soleil. Cependant, cela repr\u00e9sente une p\u00e9riode assez longue dans la plupart des r\u00e9gions de l’ann\u00e9e. Nos anc\u00eatres dormaient-ils vraiment dix \u00e0 douze heures en automne et en hiver ?<\/p>\n

\"Our<\/a>Les historiens ont trouv\u00e9 des preuves que, de tout temps, les humains ont dormi en deux blocs, s\u00e9par\u00e9s par une courte p\u00e9riode d’activit\u00e9 calme. Chaucer fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au \u00ab\u00a0premier sommeil\u00a0\u00bb dans ses \u00e9crits, et Hom\u00e8re en parle dans l’Odyss\u00e9e<\/em>. Au total, il existe plus de 500 r\u00e9f\u00e9rences connues<\/a> au sommeil segment\u00e9, \u00e9galement appel\u00e9 sommeil bimodal. La p\u00e9riode entre les deux sommeils \u00e9tait propice \u00e0 la lecture, \u00e0 la pri\u00e8re, \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9 et \u00e0 d’autres activit\u00e9s pouvant \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9es au clair de lune.<\/p>\n

Cette pratique semble avoir cess\u00e9 au XVIIIe si\u00e8cle, lorsque les lampes \u00e0 gaz et d’autres sources de lumi\u00e8re ont permis de veiller un peu plus tard. \u00c0 la m\u00eame \u00e9poque, la r\u00e9volution industrielle a mis l’accent sur une productivit\u00e9 humaine optimale. Au milieu du XIXe si\u00e8cle, les plaintes concernant l’insomnie li\u00e9e au maintien du sommeil sont devenues de plus en plus fr\u00e9quentes. Torbj\u00f6rn \u00c5kerstedt, directeur de l’Institut de recherche sur le stress de Stockholm, le souligne,<\/p>\n

\n

\u00ab\u00a0Avant l’apparition de l’ampoule \u00e9lectrique, nous nous couchions \u00e0 huit heures et nous nous r\u00e9veillions quelques heures plus tard pour repartir de plus belle. L’id\u00e9e que l’on devrait dormir huit heures sans interruption est une nouvelle invention qui est color\u00e9e par nos valeurs et notre mode de vie moderne.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Le sommeil segment\u00e9 est-il meilleur pour la sant\u00e9 humaine ?<\/h2>\n

Nos anc\u00eatres dormaient peut-\u00eatre en deux blocs, mais c’\u00e9tait peut-\u00eatre par n\u00e9cessit\u00e9. Le sommeil segment\u00e9 est-il vraiment naturel ? Dans les ann\u00e9es 1990, un chercheur en chronobiologie<\/a> a tent\u00e9 de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 cette question. Les sujets de recherche ont \u00e9t\u00e9 expos\u00e9s \u00e0 l’obscurit\u00e9 14 heures par jour, au lieu des 8 \u00e0 10 heures habituelles. Pendant un mois, les sujets ont lentement adopt\u00e9 un rythme de sommeil bimodal. Ils ont dormi les huit heures totales recommand\u00e9es, mais celles-ci ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9parties en deux blocs s\u00e9par\u00e9s par une courte p\u00e9riode d’activit\u00e9 calme. Les participants \u00e0 cette \u00e9tude n’ont pas montr\u00e9 d’effets n\u00e9fastes sur leur sant\u00e9 et ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 se sentir bien repos\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Un rem\u00e8de \u00e0 l’insomnie de maintien du sommeil<\/h2>\n

L’insomnie de maintien du sommeil est un trouble du sommeil<\/a> courant dans lequel les personnes ont des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 rester endormies pendant plus de quelques heures. Il s’agit \u00e9galement d’un trouble difficile \u00e0 traiter, de nombreuses personnes continuant \u00e0 se r\u00e9veiller chaque nuit. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 les nouvelles preuves que le sommeil segment\u00e9 est une habitude saine, l’insomnie de maintien du sommeil pourrait n’\u00eatre qu’une incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 adh\u00e9rer \u00e0 la toute nouvelle habitude de dormir enti\u00e8rement d’un seul bloc. Le rem\u00e8de \u00e0 l’insomnie de maintien du sommeil pourrait \u00eatre un retour \u00e0 l’habitude plus ancienne et plus naturelle du sommeil segment\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L’\u00eatre humain a \u00e9volu\u00e9 pour avoir certains rythmes biologiques<\/a>, qui sont maintenant peu pratiques et parfois m\u00eame impossibles dans notre monde moderne. Si certains d’entre nous se sont adapt\u00e9s au d\u00e9fi relativement nouveau que repr\u00e9sente le fait de dormir d’un seul bloc, nous pourrions nous sentir plus repos\u00e9s si nous adoptions plut\u00f4t l’ancienne habitude du sommeil segment\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Faut-il vraiment dormir huit heures d’affil\u00e9e pour se sentir en bonne sant\u00e9 et bien repos\u00e9 ? Il est prouv\u00e9 que nos anc\u00eatres s’\u00e9panouissaient gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une pratique connue sous le nom de sommeil segment\u00e9. Les historiens et les biologistes ont tous deux \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la fa\u00e7on dont nous dormions dans le pass\u00e9, \u00e0 la fois pour […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":24580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[255,251],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-58410","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-sommeil","8":"category-therapie-par-la-lumiere","9":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nOur Ancestors Slept in Two Cycles, Should We?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Do you really need eight straight hours of sleep to feel healthy and well-rested? 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