{"id":58238,"date":"2015-07-29T20:53:45","date_gmt":"2015-07-29T20:53:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/working-the-night-shift-may-affect-your-lifespan\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T14:43:31","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T21:43:31","slug":"travailler-de-nuit-peut-affecter-votre-esp-rance-de-vie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/fr\/travailler-de-nuit-peut-affecter-votre-esp-rance-de-vie\/","title":{"rendered":"Travailler de nuit peut affecter votre esp\u00e9rance de vie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les infirmi\u00e8res se sacrifient pour les autres \u00e0 chaque poste, endurant de longues heures debout et s’exposant \u00e0 des agents pathog\u00e8nes mortels. Cependant, le fait de travailler \u00e0 des heures inhabituelles peut repr\u00e9senter un danger encore plus grand pour la sant\u00e9 des infirmi\u00e8res, ainsi que pour les autres professionnels qui ne travaillent pas \u00e0 des heures normales.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9tude sur la sant\u00e9 des infirmi\u00e8res<\/h2>\n

L’\u00e9tude sur la sant\u00e9 des infirmi\u00e8res (Nurses ‘ Health Study<\/a> ) est l’une des \u00e9tudes les plus longues et les plus compl\u00e8tes sur la sant\u00e9 des femmes. Elle \u00e9tudie l’impact de diff\u00e9rentes variables depuis 1976. Pr\u00e8s d’un quart de million d’infirmi\u00e8res ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 cette \u00e9tude, fournissant des informations sur diverses variables relatives au mode de vie et \u00e0 la sant\u00e9, tout en permettant aux chercheurs de suivre leur \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Entre autres, les quarts de travail de ces infirmi\u00e8res ont \u00e9t\u00e9 suivis, transformant ce vaste projet de recherche en une \u00e9tude involontaire de la chronobiologie et des effets du travail post\u00e9 sur le rythme circadien. Certaines infirmi\u00e8res travaillent de nuit en permanence, d’autres au moins trois fois par mois et le dernier groupe presque jamais. Les chercheurs ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 remarquer une tendance : Les infirmi\u00e8res qui travaillaient de nuit couraient un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de mourir de diverses causes apparemment sans rapport.<\/p>\n

L’\u00e9quipe de nuit et la dur\u00e9e de vie<\/h2>\n

\"Working<\/a>Les infirmi\u00e8res qui travaillaient de nuit avaient 19 % de risques suppl\u00e9mentaires de mourir d’une maladie cardiaque et plus de 25 % de risques suppl\u00e9mentaires de mourir d’un cancer du poumon. Ces infirmi\u00e8res \u00e9taient \u00e9galement plus susceptibles d’avoir des accidents qui avaient des cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9gatives pour elles-m\u00eames et pour les patients. Ce risque accru de maladie et d’accident se traduit par une dur\u00e9e de vie plus courte pour les infirmi\u00e8res qui travaillent de nuit, et probablement aussi pour les autres travailleurs de nuit.<\/p>\n

Comment le travail de nuit peut-il affecter votre esp\u00e9rance de vie ? Les personnes qui travaillent de nuit subissent des perturbations du rythme circadien<\/a> qui emp\u00eachent une r\u00e9paration efficace de l’ADN tout en perturbant l’\u00e9quilibre de substances neurochimiques importantes telles que la s\u00e9rotonine et la m\u00e9latonine<\/a>. Le maintien d’un rythme circadien sain est essentiel pour la sant\u00e9 c\u00e9r\u00e9brale et cardiovasculaire, mais il est presque impossible pour les personnes qui travaillent en horaires d\u00e9cal\u00e9s. L’Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 a d’ailleurs qualifi\u00e9 le travail de nuit de canc\u00e9rog\u00e8ne en raison de ses effets sur la r\u00e9paration de l’ADN et le risque de cancer.<\/p>\n

Qu’est-ce que cela signifie pour les autres travailleurs post\u00e9s ?<\/h2>\n

L’infirmi\u00e8re n’est pas la seule profession o\u00f9 le travail de nuit est souvent n\u00e9cessaire. Pr\u00e8s de 20 % des travailleurs dans le monde travaillent de nuit. Ces travailleurs sont soumis aux m\u00eames facteurs de stress biologique que les travailleurs de nuit : perturbation du rythme circadien, alt\u00e9ration des temps de d\u00e9cision et de r\u00e9action et risque accru d’un large \u00e9ventail de maladies chroniques potentiellement mortelles.<\/p>\n

Bien que cela puisse sembler d\u00e9sastreux pour les personnes qui doivent travailler de nuit, la compr\u00e9hension du probl\u00e8me est la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape de sa r\u00e9solution. Des strat\u00e9gies telles que la luminoth\u00e9rapie<\/a>, la suppl\u00e9mentation en m\u00e9latonine<\/a> et les changements de r\u00e9gime alimentaire peuvent contribuer \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les effets du travail de nuit et aider les gens \u00e0 maintenir un rythme circadien sain, quel que soit leur horaire. Les chercheurs en chronobiologie<\/a> recherchent activement des moyens de r\u00e9tablir un rythme biologique sain chez les personnes qui ne peuvent pas \u00e9viter les horaires de nuit.<\/p>\n

Les \u00e9tudes montrent aux professionnels de la sant\u00e9 l’importance du sommeil et d’un rythme circadien sain pour la sant\u00e9 en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. Plus important encore, elles mettent en lumi\u00e8re les processus cellulaires qui composent un rythme circadien sain et les moyens par lesquels les personnes priv\u00e9es de sommeil, quelles qu’elles soient, peuvent atteindre la bonne sant\u00e9 qu’elles m\u00e9ritent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les infirmi\u00e8res se sacrifient pour les autres \u00e0 chaque poste, endurant de longues heures debout et s’exposant \u00e0 des agents pathog\u00e8nes mortels. Cependant, le fait de travailler \u00e0 des heures inhabituelles peut repr\u00e9senter un danger encore plus grand pour la sant\u00e9 des infirmi\u00e8res, ainsi que pour les autres professionnels qui ne travaillent pas \u00e0 des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[256,258,242,255,257],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-58238","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melatonine","8":"category-sante-de-la-femme","9":"category-sante-des-cellules","10":"category-sommeil","11":"category-travail-poste","12":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTravailler de nuit peut affecter votre esp\u00e9rance de vie – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nurses sacrifice themselves for others every shift, enduring long hours on their feet and exposure to deadly pathogens. 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