{"id":58230,"date":"2015-07-15T19:27:26","date_gmt":"2015-07-15T19:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/what-is-chronotherapy\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T14:42:25","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T21:42:25","slug":"qu-est-ce-que-la-chronoth-rapie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/fr\/qu-est-ce-que-la-chronoth-rapie\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu’est-ce que la chronoth\u00e9rapie ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lachronobiologie<\/a> est devenue un domaine de recherche m\u00e9dicale de plus en plus important, des centaines d’\u00e9tudes montrant que les horloges internes du corps sont un facteur de sant\u00e9 et de maladie. Des milliers de processus biochimiques, du sommeil \u00e0 l’\u00e9veil en passant par la r\u00e9paration de l’ADN, sont programm\u00e9s et dict\u00e9s par ces horloges internes.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que nos rythmes circadiens<\/a> sont si importants pour la fonction physiologique, il n’est pas surprenant qu’ils puissent \u00e9galement affecter la fa\u00e7on dont les m\u00e9dicaments et autres traitements sont trait\u00e9s et m\u00e9tabolis\u00e9s. Pour certains traitements, la synchronisation peut faire toute la diff\u00e9rence en termes d’efficacit\u00e9, d’effets secondaires, de toxicit\u00e9, etc.<\/p>\n

Comment le rythme circadien peut-il affecter les traitements m\u00e9dicaux ?<\/h2>\n

La chronoth\u00e9rapie tient compte de la fa\u00e7on dont le rythme circadien et d’autres horloges internes affectent les traitements, en particulier les m\u00e9dicaments. Cela se produit de plusieurs mani\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

Tout d’abord, les m\u00e9dicaments sont m\u00e9tabolis\u00e9s par des enzymes, dont les quantit\u00e9s varient au cours de la journ\u00e9e. L’efficacit\u00e9 d’un traitement d\u00e9pend en grande partie de la dur\u00e9e pendant laquelle un m\u00e9dicament reste dans le corps humain pour avoir un effet.<\/p>\n

Deuxi\u00e8mement, de nombreux m\u00e9dicaments ciblent des processus biochimiques sp\u00e9cifiques. Ces m\u00e9dicaments seront plus efficaces s’ils sont pr\u00e9sents en forte concentration au moment o\u00f9 les processus qu’ils ciblent se d\u00e9roulent activement.<\/p>\n

Enfin, certains processus pathologiques ont leur propre calendrier. L’administration de m\u00e9dicaments de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 ce que leurs effets actifs soient les plus importants au moment o\u00f9 les processus pathologiques se produisent permet souvent d’obtenir de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats.<\/p>\n

Le cancer, l’arthrite, la rhinite allergique et les ulc\u00e8res gastroduod\u00e9naux sont autant d’exemples de probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 pour lesquels la chronoth\u00e9rapie peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e afin d’am\u00e9liorer les r\u00e9sultats et d’offrir une meilleure qualit\u00e9 de soins aux patients.<\/p>\n

Traitement du cancer et chronoth\u00e9rapie<\/h2>\n

La chimioth\u00e9rapie est l’un des traitements du cancer<\/a> pour lequel la chronobiologie devient de plus en plus cruciale. Les cellules canc\u00e9reuses se divisent le plus \u00e0 certains moments qui d\u00e9pendent du g\u00e9notype exact du cancer. L’administration de la chimioth\u00e9rapie \u00e0 ces moments-l\u00e0 peut conduire \u00e0 une destruction plus rapide et plus efficace des tumeurs et autres l\u00e9sions canc\u00e9reuses.<\/p>\n

En outre, plusieurs \u00e9tudes ont montr\u00e9 que les patients atteints de cancer tol\u00e8rent mieux les diff\u00e9rents traitements lorsqu’ils sont administr\u00e9s \u00e0 certaines heures de la journ\u00e9e. Il existe des plages horaires o\u00f9 les m\u00e9dicaments sont moins toxiques pour les cellules humaines et donc moins susceptibles de provoquer des effets secondaires pouvant entraver le traitement du cancer. La chronoth\u00e9rapie du cancer est l’un des domaines d’\u00e9tude les plus en vogue en oncologie.<\/p>\n

Rhinite allergique et horloge interne<\/h2>\n

\"chronobiology,<\/a>Il n’est pas n\u00e9cessaire d’\u00eatre atteint d’une maladie grave comme le cancer pour b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de la chronoth\u00e9rapie. La rhinite allergique est l’inflammation et l’hypers\u00e9cr\u00e9tion de mucus en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 des allerg\u00e8nes – en termes simples, un nez bouch\u00e9 ou qui coule. Deux adultes sur cinq sont touch\u00e9s par ce probl\u00e8me de sant\u00e9, qui suit un cycle distinct de 24 heures. La plupart des personnes pr\u00e9sentent des sympt\u00f4mes plus marqu\u00e9s la nuit et t\u00f4t le matin<\/a>, ce qui peut perturber le sommeil.<\/p>\n

La raison pour laquelle la rhinite allergique est plus grave tard dans la nuit est probablement li\u00e9e au rythme biologique des r\u00e9cepteurs d’histamine. L’action des r\u00e9cepteurs de l’histamine, qui sont d\u00e9clench\u00e9s pour produire des r\u00e9actions allergiques telles que la rhinite, est la plus faible dans la soir\u00e9e, puis augmente pour atteindre un niveau \u00e9lev\u00e9 au d\u00e9but de la matin\u00e9e. De nouvelles \u00e9tudes montrent que les sympt\u00f4mes d’allergie peuvent \u00eatre trait\u00e9s avec beaucoup plus d’efficacit\u00e9 lorsque les m\u00e9dicaments \u00e0 prendre 24 heures sur 24 sont pris le soir plut\u00f4t que le matin, de sorte que la concentration est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e lorsque les sympt\u00f4mes sont les plus graves. De simples changements comme celui-ci peuvent avoir un effet consid\u00e9rable sur la qualit\u00e9 de vie.<\/p>\n

La chronologie de l’arthrite<\/h2>\n

L’arthrite<\/a> est une maladie chronique qui suit plusieurs rythmes biologiques. Non seulement les articulations deviennent plus douloureuses en hiver, un rythme saisonnier, mais l’arthrite s’am\u00e9liore et s’aggrave \u00e9galement tout au long d’une journ\u00e9e de 24 heures. L’arthrose a tendance \u00e0 produire plus d’inflammation et de douleur la nuit, tandis que la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde est plus douloureuse le matin.<\/p>\n

De plus en plus, les m\u00e9dicaments pour tous les types d’arthrite sont pris plusieurs heures avant que la douleur et l’inflammation ne soient \u00e0 leur maximum. La prise de m\u00e9dicaments plus t\u00f4t, en pr\u00e9vision de la douleur, permet de maintenir l’inconfort et l’inflammation \u00e0 des niveaux faibles et tol\u00e9rables. En outre, la m\u00e9latonine peut \u00eatre prise pour \u00e9viter que la douleur ne r\u00e9veille le patient, ce qui est fr\u00e9quent dans les deux types d’arthrite.<\/p>\n

Saisonnalit\u00e9 des ulc\u00e8res gastroduod\u00e9naux<\/h2>\n

\"What<\/a>La chronoth\u00e9rapie peut m\u00eame \u00eatre efficace dans les troubles qui pr\u00e9sentent des variations saisonni\u00e8res plut\u00f4t qu’un rythme circadien de 24 heures. Les ulc\u00e8res gastroduod\u00e9naux en sont un bon exemple. La raison de cette variation saisonni\u00e8re est inconnue, mais ces ulc\u00e8res provoquent davantage d’hospitalisations \u00e0 la fin de l’\u00e9t\u00e9 et au d\u00e9but de l’automne<\/a>, ainsi qu’au milieu et \u00e0 la fin de l’hiver. L’escalade de ces maladies pendant ces deux p\u00e9riodes de pointe peut \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9e si les patients re\u00e7oivent les m\u00e9dicaments appropri\u00e9s et suivent un r\u00e9gime alimentaire plus strict pendant ces p\u00e9riodes.<\/p>\n

Les processus qui r\u00e9gissent le corps humain ne sont pas constants, mais plut\u00f4t sujets \u00e0 des changements constants. La chronoth\u00e9rapie est une aide de bon sens pour les personnes souffrant de maladies qui pr\u00e9sentent \u00e9galement des sch\u00e9mas d’exacerbation et de r\u00e9mission. En ciblant les th\u00e9rapies sur les p\u00e9riodes o\u00f9 elles sont le plus n\u00e9cessaires et le plus efficaces, on obtient de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats avec moins de m\u00e9dicaments.<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lachronobiologie est devenue un domaine de recherche m\u00e9dicale de plus en plus important, des centaines d’\u00e9tudes montrant que les horloges internes du corps sont un facteur de sant\u00e9 et de maladie. Des milliers de processus biochimiques, du sommeil \u00e0 l’\u00e9veil en passant par la r\u00e9paration de l’ADN, sont programm\u00e9s et dict\u00e9s par ces horloges internes. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23580,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[245,250,240,241],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-58230","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-chronotype-fr","8":"category-flore-intestinale","9":"category-os-et-articulations","10":"category-recherche-sur-le-cancer","11":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nQu'est-ce que la chronoth\u00e9rapie ? – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ecause our circadian rhythms are so important to physiological function, it is no surprise that they may also affect how medications and other treatments are processed and metabolized. 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