{"id":58208,"date":"2015-05-29T17:15:43","date_gmt":"2015-05-29T17:15:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/parkinsons-disease-and-sleep-disorders-can-melatonin-help\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T14:41:59","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T21:41:59","slug":"maladie-de-parkinson-et-troubles-du-sommeil-la-m-latonine-peut-elle-aider","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/fr\/maladie-de-parkinson-et-troubles-du-sommeil-la-m-latonine-peut-elle-aider\/","title":{"rendered":"Maladie de Parkinson et troubles du sommeil : La m\u00e9latonine peut-elle aider ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b>Les personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson constatent rapidement que m\u00eame les t\u00e2ches routini\u00e8res deviennent difficiles au fur et \u00e0 mesure de l’\u00e9volution de la maladie. Il est fr\u00e9quent que la maladie de Parkinson et les troubles du sommeil aillent de pair. De nouvelles recherches en chronobiologie<\/a> sugg\u00e8rent que la m\u00e9latonine<\/a>, en particulier la m\u00e9latonine \u00e0 lib\u00e9ration programm\u00e9e, pourrait non seulement aider les personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson \u00e0 trouver le sommeil dont elles ont besoin, mais aussi ralentir l’\u00e9volution de cette maladie d\u00e9vastatrice.<\/p>\n

La maladie de Parkinson et le sommeil<\/h2>\n

\"Parkinson's<\/a>La maladie de Parkinson, ou MP, est l’une des maladies neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives les plus courantes, affectant des millions de personnes. Ses quatre principaux effets sont la rigidit\u00e9 musculaire, les tremblements, la bradykin\u00e9sie (ou lenteur des mouvements) et la sensation d’instabilit\u00e9 en position debout. Cependant, les troubles du sommeil et les perturbations \u00e9motionnelles sont \u00e9galement extr\u00eamement fr\u00e9quents. En fait, de nombreuses personnes d\u00e9veloppent les troubles du sommeil associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la MP avant de pr\u00e9senter d’autres sympt\u00f4mes de la maladie.<\/p>\n

Les personnes atteintes de la MP ont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement du mal \u00e0 s’endormir et \u00e0 rester endormies. Le sommeil paradoxal est particuli\u00e8rement perturb\u00e9, car il survient trop tard dans le cycle du sommeil, voire pas du tout. En outre, de nombreuses personnes souffrent d’apn\u00e9e du sommeil, ce qui r\u00e9duit consid\u00e9rablement la qualit\u00e9 du sommeil. Une grande partie de la fatigue et des troubles \u00e9motionnels li\u00e9s \u00e0 cette maladie peut \u00eatre due aux troubles du sommeil qui font partie de la maladie de Parkinson.<\/p>\n

Physiopathologie des troubles du sommeil li\u00e9s \u00e0 la maladie de Parkinson<\/h2>\n

La m\u00e9latonine est la principale hormone associ\u00e9e au sommeil. S\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9e par la glande pin\u00e9ale \u00e0 partir de signaux du noyau suprachiasmatique du cerveau, la m\u00e9latonine s’attache \u00e0 des r\u00e9cepteurs sur les cellules et active ou d\u00e9sactive des g\u00e8nes en fonction du temps. Alors que le noyau suprachiasmatique n’est pas affect\u00e9 par la maladie de Parkinson, les r\u00e9cepteurs de m\u00e9latonine semblent diminuer consid\u00e9rablement dans les zones du cerveau associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la maladie de Parkinson. Cela emp\u00eache la m\u00e9latonine de stimuler le sommeil chez les personnes atteintes de la MP et prive le rythme circadien de l’une de ses principales sources de r\u00e9gulation.<\/p>\n

Comment la m\u00e9latonine \u00e0 lib\u00e9ration programm\u00e9e peut-elle aider ?<\/h2>\n

La m\u00e9latonine est utilis\u00e9e depuis longtemps pour traiter les troubles du sommeil. Les chercheurs ont constat\u00e9 que si la m\u00e9latonine \u00e0 lib\u00e9ration rapide est la meilleure pour les troubles du sommeil ou les troubles qui entra\u00eenent des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 s’endormir, elle n’est pas efficace pour les troubles du maintien du sommeil. Les personnes souffrant de troubles du maintien du sommeil ont des difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 rester endormies et ont donc besoin d’une dose r\u00e9guli\u00e8re de cette hormone tout au long de la nuit, imitant les niveaux de m\u00e9latonine chez les personnes ayant un rythme de sommeil sain.<\/p>\n

Les personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson pr\u00e9sentent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des troubles de l’endormissement et du maintien du sommeil. Il est important qu’elles suivent un r\u00e9gime de chronoth\u00e9rapie comprenant de la m\u00e9latonine \u00e0 lib\u00e9ration programm\u00e9e afin qu’elles puissent b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d’une nuit de sommeil compl\u00e8te. Non seulement cela leur permet d’\u00eatre plus \u00e0 l’aise et mieux repos\u00e9s, mais la recherche sugg\u00e8re que certains sympt\u00f4mes de la maladie de Parkinson sont att\u00e9nu\u00e9s par un sommeil ad\u00e9quat.<\/p>\n

La m\u00e9latonine peut-elle traiter d’autres sympt\u00f4mes de la maladie de Parkinson ?<\/h2>\n

\"Parkinson's<\/a>Les personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson qui prennent de la m\u00e9latonine<\/a> ont tendance \u00e0 avoir moins de sympt\u00f4mes, mais moins graves, que celles qui n’en prennent pas. Pendant longtemps, ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne a \u00e9t\u00e9 attribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la nature r\u00e9paratrice d’un sommeil ad\u00e9quat. Cependant, nous savons aujourd’hui que la m\u00e9latonine n’est pas seulement une hormone somnif\u00e8re, mais aussi une hormone neuroprotectrice. Bien qu’elles fassent encore l’objet de recherches, les qualit\u00e9s neuroprotectrices de la m\u00e9latonine ralentiraient la progression de la maladie de Parkinson<\/a>, en retardant les dommages neurologiques qui provoquent la perte progressive de la fonction neuromusculaire.<\/p>\n

Le rythme circadien<\/a>, c’est-\u00e0-dire le cycle d’environ 24 heures de l’organisme, est \u00e9galement un facteur important \u00e0 prendre en compte dans le calendrier d’administration des autres m\u00e9dicaments pris par les personnes atteintes de la MP. Les inhibiteurs de la COMT, par exemple, sont une classe de m\u00e9dicaments couramment utilis\u00e9s pour traiter la maladie de Parkinson. Ils sont absorb\u00e9s en quantit\u00e9s beaucoup plus importantes lorsqu’ils sont pris le matin, ce qui permet d’obtenir un effet th\u00e9rapeutique plus important. Le traitement de la MP \u00e9tant complexe, il est important de prendre les m\u00e9dicaments aux moments o\u00f9 ils sont le plus efficaces.<\/p>\n

Les \u00e9tudes dans le domaine de la chronobiologie offrent de nouveaux traitements pour certaines des maladies les plus difficiles de l’humanit\u00e9. Les personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson pourraient bient\u00f4t b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier du sommeil dont elles ont besoin pour fonctionner ainsi que de traitements plus efficaces gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une meilleure compr\u00e9hension des effets de cette maladie sur le rythme circadien.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les personnes atteintes de la maladie de Parkinson constatent rapidement que m\u00eame les t\u00e2ches routini\u00e8res deviennent difficiles au fur et \u00e0 mesure de l’\u00e9volution de la maladie. Il est fr\u00e9quent que la maladie de Parkinson et les troubles du sommeil aillent de pair. De nouvelles recherches en chronobiologie sugg\u00e8rent que la m\u00e9latonine, en particulier la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23464,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[246,256,259,255],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-58208","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-energie-fr","8":"category-melatonine","9":"category-sante-mentale","10":"category-sommeil","11":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMaladie de Parkinson et troubles du sommeil : La m\u00e9latonine peut-elle aider ? – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"People who live with Parkinson's disease quickly find that even routine tasks become difficult as the disease progresses. 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