{"id":58186,"date":"2015-04-15T18:27:02","date_gmt":"2015-04-15T18:27:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/the-role-of-melatonin-in-fertility-and-conception\/"},"modified":"2024-07-18T14:41:32","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T21:41:32","slug":"le-r-le-de-la-m-latonine-dans-la-fertilit-et-la-conception","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/fr\/le-r-le-de-la-m-latonine-dans-la-fertilit-et-la-conception\/","title":{"rendered":"Le r\u00f4le de la m\u00e9latonine dans la fertilit\u00e9 et la conception"},"content":{"rendered":"

Des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes sur la biologie circadienne r\u00e9v\u00e8lent un nombre croissant d’avantages li\u00e9s \u00e0 un rythme circadien<\/a> sain, en particulier \u00e0 des niveaux de m\u00e9latonine<\/a> sains. Si les bienfaits de la m\u00e9latonine sur les cycles veille-sommeil sont \u00e9tablis depuis longtemps, cette hormone peut \u00e9galement influencer une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de processus cellulaires qui affectent le cancer, les maladies cardiaques et m\u00eame la fertilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\n

La m\u00e9latonine et le rythme circadien<\/h2>\n

La m\u00e9latonine est une hormone lib\u00e9r\u00e9e par la glande pin\u00e9ale en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 des signaux provenant du noyau suprachiasmatique du cerveau. Elle est lib\u00e9r\u00e9e la nuit et est connue pour pr\u00e9parer le corps \u00e0 l’endormissement et \u00e0 un sommeil r\u00e9parateur. Toutefois, de nouvelles recherches<\/a> sugg\u00e8rent que la m\u00e9latonine joue un r\u00f4le crucial dans divers processus physiologiques, notamment la fertilit\u00e9 et le d\u00e9veloppement du f\u0153tus.<\/p>\n

La m\u00e9latonine peut-elle aider \u00e0 la fertilit\u00e9 ?<\/h2>\n

\"Melatonin,<\/a>Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9cente<\/a> du Centre de sant\u00e9 de l’Universit\u00e9 du Texas \u00e0 San Antonio sugg\u00e8re que des niveaux sains de m\u00e9latonine sont n\u00e9cessaires pour une fertilit\u00e9 optimale. Les \u0153ufs, comme toutes les cellules du corps humain, sont expos\u00e9s aux radicaux libres qui peuvent endommager l’ADN. La m\u00e9latonine agit en fait comme un antioxydant dans les ovaires, en \u00e9liminant les radicaux libres et en pr\u00e9venant les dommages cellulaires.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 qu’une production d’ovules saine est la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape de la conception et d’une grossesse en bonne sant\u00e9, ces r\u00e9sultats sugg\u00e8rent que des niveaux de m\u00e9latonine sains sont cruciaux pour la fertilit\u00e9. En effet, la mauvaise qualit\u00e9 des ovules est l’une des causes les plus courantes de l’infertilit\u00e9. Le biologiste cellulaire Russel J. Reiter, qui a supervis\u00e9 cette \u00e9tude, sugg\u00e8re que les femmes qui souhaitent concevoir un enfant fassent huit heures d’obscurit\u00e9 chaque nuit, \u00e0 peu pr\u00e8s \u00e0 la m\u00eame heure, afin de favoriser un rythme circadien et des niveaux de m\u00e9latonine sains.<\/p>\n

Le rythme circadien du f\u0153tus<\/h2>\n

Une autre \u00e9tude en chronobiologie<\/a> publi\u00e9e l’hiver dernier dans le Journal of Medicine and Life<\/em> a montr\u00e9 que la m\u00e9latonine est essentielle au d\u00e9veloppement de l’embryon et du f\u0153tus. Les niveaux de m\u00e9latonine augmentent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement tout au long de la grossesse. Comme cette hormone traverse le placenta sans \u00eatre alt\u00e9r\u00e9e, on la retrouve dans le liquide amniotique ainsi que dans le f\u0153tus en d\u00e9veloppement. Le f\u0153tus poss\u00e8de des r\u00e9cepteurs de m\u00e9latonine dans son cerveau en d\u00e9veloppement bien avant qu’il ne soit compl\u00e8tement form\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La m\u00e9latonine maternelle joue plusieurs r\u00f4les<\/a> chez le f\u0153tus. Elle transmet au cerveau du f\u0153tus des informations sur les cycles d’obscurit\u00e9 et de lumi\u00e8re, aidant ainsi l’enfant en d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 commencer \u00e0 former son propre rythme circadien. En outre, on pense que la m\u00e9latonine joue un r\u00f4le important dans l’activation de certains g\u00e8nes essentiels au bon d\u00e9veloppement de l’enfant, de la conception \u00e0 la naissance.<\/p>\n

Faible taux de m\u00e9latonine et grossesse<\/h2>\n

\"Melatonin,<\/a>Bien que le m\u00e9canisme exact par lequel la m\u00e9latonine affecte la grossesse soit inconnu, sa n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 est \u00e9vidente. Les femmes enceintes qui ont un faible taux de m\u00e9latonine sont plus susceptibles de d\u00e9velopper une pr\u00e9-\u00e9clampsie, un retard de croissance intra-ut\u00e9rin et d’autres troubles qui peuvent avoir des effets d\u00e9sastreux \u00e0 la fois sur la m\u00e8re et sur l’enfant. En outre, les femmes qui re\u00e7oivent des suppl\u00e9ments de m\u00e9latonine pendant la f\u00e9condation in vitro<\/a> et pendant le reste de la grossesse ont un d\u00e9veloppement plus sain des blastocystes et une issue plus positive de la grossesse.<\/p>\n

Bien que les scientifiques et les m\u00e9decins sachent depuis des ann\u00e9es que des cycles de sommeil sains sont importants pour des cycles menstruels sains, l’importance de la m\u00e9latonine dans la fertilit\u00e9 et les r\u00e9sultats de la grossesse est une nouvelle information qui peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour am\u00e9liorer la sant\u00e9 du f\u0153tus et de la m\u00e8re. Un rythme circadien mal r\u00e9gul\u00e9 peut avoir des effets n\u00e9gatifs sur la fertilit\u00e9 et la grossesse, effets qui peuvent \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9s gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un simple suppl\u00e9ment de m\u00e9latonine.<\/p>\n

Le r\u00f4le de la m\u00e9latonine dans la fertilit\u00e9 et la conception<\/h2>\n

Malgr\u00e9 des recherches intensives sur la fertilit\u00e9, la m\u00e9decine moderne n’offre encore que peu de traitements aux femmes qui ont du mal \u00e0 concevoir ou \u00e0 rester enceintes. Les r\u00e9centes d\u00e9couvertes sur l’importance de la m\u00e9latonine dans la conception et le d\u00e9veloppement du f\u0153tus sont porteuses d’espoir pour les femmes qui envisagent d’avoir des enfants \u00e0 l’avenir. Le maintien d’un rythme circadien sain et de niveaux optimaux de m\u00e9latonine pourrait \u00eatre la cl\u00e9 d’une grossesse saine pour de nombreuses femmes. Dans un avenir proche, les femmes qui souhaitent tomber enceintes pourraient \u00eatre invit\u00e9es \u00e0 prendre de la m\u00e9latonine en plus de l’acide folique et des autres suppl\u00e9ments recommand\u00e9s pour un d\u00e9veloppement sain du f\u0153tus.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes sur la biologie circadienne r\u00e9v\u00e8lent un nombre croissant d’avantages li\u00e9s \u00e0 un rythme circadien sain, en particulier \u00e0 des niveaux de m\u00e9latonine sains. Si les bienfaits de la m\u00e9latonine sur les cycles veille-sommeil sont \u00e9tablis depuis longtemps, cette hormone peut \u00e9galement influencer une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de processus cellulaires qui affectent le cancer, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23300,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[256,258,242,255],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-58186","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melatonine","8":"category-sante-de-la-femme","9":"category-sante-des-cellules","10":"category-sommeil","11":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe r\u00f4le de la 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