{"id":61450,"date":"2015-09-09T13:30:56","date_gmt":"2015-09-09T13:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/development-of-the-circadian-rhythm-in-infants\/"},"modified":"2024-07-19T12:53:59","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T19:53:59","slug":"desarrollo-del-ritmo-circadiano-en-los-lactantes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/desarrollo-del-ritmo-circadiano-en-los-lactantes\/","title":{"rendered":"Desarrollo del ritmo circadiano en los lactantes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"more-space\">\n<p>El insomnio forma parte de tener un beb\u00e9. Como muchos padres primerizos han observado, los reci\u00e9n nacidos pasan sus primeras semanas y meses sin tener apenas noci\u00f3n de la noche y el d\u00eda. Sin embargo, los beb\u00e9s desarrollan sistem\u00e1ticamente un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/about-chronobiology\/#CircadianRhythm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ritmo circadiano<\/a> humano normal, o ritmo de aproximadamente 24 horas, en los primeros meses de vida. Nuevas investigaciones en <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cronobiolog\u00eda<\/a> han determinado algunos factores que ayudan a los reci\u00e9n nacidos a empezar a percibir la noche y el d\u00eda.<\/p>\n<h2>El sue\u00f1o y el cerebro del reci\u00e9n nacido<\/h2>\n<p>Nuestro ritmo circadiano es una parte muy controlada de nuestras vidas. Cuando nuestras retinas perciben la luz, env\u00edan se\u00f1ales al n\u00facleo supraquiasm\u00e1tico del hipot\u00e1lamo, que a su vez se comunica con la gl\u00e1ndula pineal. La gl\u00e1ndula pineal controla la liberaci\u00f3n de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/sleep-2\/melatonin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">melatonina<\/a>, una de las hormonas que mantienen nuestro ritmo circadiano.<\/p>\n<p>Aunque los reci\u00e9n nacidos tienen una gl\u00e1ndula pineal desarrollada, que es realmente grande para su diminuto tama\u00f1o, no producen suficiente melatonina, ni la producen de forma constante por la noche. Esto conduce al cl\u00e1sico y conocido ciclo de sue\u00f1o de los reci\u00e9n nacidos, en el que duermen durante muy poco tiempo y a horas intempestivas.<\/p>\n<p>Un <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10341380\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estudio<\/a> reciente sobre la cronobiolog\u00eda de los reci\u00e9n nacidos profundiz\u00f3 en este proceso de desarrollo de un ritmo circadiano. Los beb\u00e9s estudiados empezaron pronto a desarrollar ritmos diarios de temperatura, comportamiento social y fluctuaci\u00f3n de la vigilia, pero los h\u00e1bitos de sue\u00f1o fueron los \u00faltimos en desarrollarse. Los niveles de melatonina vespertinos llegaron a ser lo suficientemente altos como para que los beb\u00e9s se fueran a dormir a la hora familiar alrededor del 60\u00ba d\u00eda de vida.<\/p>\n<p>Este es tambi\u00e9n el momento en que el llanto y los c\u00f3licos suelen resolverse por s\u00ed solos. Los m\u00e9dicos creen que la melatonina puede ser responsable del fin de los llantos nocturnos, as\u00ed como del inicio de h\u00e1bitos de sue\u00f1o m\u00e1s favorables para los padres.<\/p>\n<h2>Leche materna y melatonina<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/development-of-the-circadian-rhythm-in-infants-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-6773\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/development-of-the-circadian-rhythm-in-infants-2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Development of The Circadian Rhythm in Infants 1\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/development-of-the-circadian-rhythm-in-infants-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/development-of-the-circadian-rhythm-in-infants-2-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/development-of-the-circadian-rhythm-in-infants-2.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>Sin embargo, hay esperanza para los padres que est\u00e1n luchando a trav\u00e9s de los primeros 60 d\u00edas y el horario extra\u00f1o que este tiempo trae. Aunque los beb\u00e9s no producen suficiente melatonina para dormirse por la noche por s\u00ed solos, tienen otra fuente: la <a href=\"http:\/\/press.endocrine.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1210\/jcem.77.3.8370707\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leche materna<\/a>. La melatonina de la madre est\u00e1 presente en su leche. Esto puede ayudar a los beb\u00e9s amamantados a dormir m\u00e1s profundamente y tambi\u00e9n a reducir las horas de paseo de un reci\u00e9n nacido inconsolable. <a href=\"http:\/\/drsherylwagner.blogspot.com\/2012\/10\/melatonin-babies-and-breastmilk.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Algunos m\u00e9dicos e investigadores en biolog\u00eda circadiana<\/a> sugieren incluso que la administraci\u00f3n de suplementos de melatonina en estas primeras semanas puede prevenir los c\u00f3licos y, al mismo tiempo, ayudar al beb\u00e9 a transitar m\u00e1s r\u00e1pidamente hacia un ritmo circadiano maduro. Sin embargo, este tema todav\u00eda se est\u00e1 investigando y ning\u00fan padre debe dar a su beb\u00e9 ning\u00fan suplemento sin la aprobaci\u00f3n de un m\u00e9dico.<\/p>\n<h2>El ritmo circadiano en los beb\u00e9s: Esperanza para los padres primerizos<\/h2>\n<p>Hasta que se haya estudiado a fondo la seguridad de los suplementos de melatonina para lactantes, hay una luz al final del t\u00fanel para los nuevos padres que anhelan una buena noche de sue\u00f1o. Hay formas de ayudar a los beb\u00e9s a desarrollar un ritmo circadiano lo antes posible. En primer lugar, apagar las luces a la hora de dormir, incluidos los televisores y otras pantallas, animar\u00e1 a los reci\u00e9n nacidos a empezar a percibir la noche como un momento para dormir. Del mismo modo, reducir el ruido ambiental y la interacci\u00f3n social puede ayudar a fomentar la idea de que la noche es un momento para dormir y no para jugar. El cerebro infantil tarda de dos a tres meses en desarrollar la capacidad de producir melatonina en los niveles necesarios para dormir, pero estas se\u00f1ales ambientales y sociales ayudar\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>Es importante que todas las personas, incluidos los beb\u00e9s y sus padres, tengan un ritmo circadiano saludable. Aunque parece que los reci\u00e9n nacidos tardan en desarrollar su reloj interno de 24 horas, los padres pueden animarles a dormir por la noche d\u00e1ndoles el pecho y cambiando el entorno para que favorezca el sue\u00f1o nocturno.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El insomnio forma parte de tener un beb\u00e9. Como muchos padres primerizos han observado, los reci\u00e9n nacidos pasan sus primeras semanas y meses sin tener apenas noci\u00f3n de la noche y el d\u00eda. Sin embargo, los beb\u00e9s desarrollan sistem\u00e1ticamente un ritmo circadiano humano normal, o ritmo de aproximadamente 24 horas, en los primeros meses de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23803,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[215,217,214],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-61450","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-melatonina-es","8":"category-salud-de-la-mujer","9":"category-sueno","10":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.4 (Yoast SEO v23.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Desarrollo del ritmo circadiano en los lactantes &#8211; Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As many new parents have noticed, newborns spend their first few weeks and months with little concept of night and day. However, babies consistently develop a normal human circadian rhythm, or roughly 24-hour rhythm, within the first few months of life.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/desarrollo-del-ritmo-circadiano-en-los-lactantes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Development of The Circadian Rhythm in Infants\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As many new parents have noticed, newborns spend their first few weeks and months with little concept of night and day. 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