{"id":61332,"date":"2015-05-15T18:06:27","date_gmt":"2015-05-15T18:06:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/asthma-symptoms-show-a-circadian-rhythm\/"},"modified":"2024-07-19T12:52:36","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T19:52:36","slug":"asma-los-s-ntomas-muestran-un-ritmo-circadiano","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/asma-los-s-ntomas-muestran-un-ritmo-circadiano\/","title":{"rendered":"Asma: Los s\u00edntomas muestran un ritmo circadiano"},"content":{"rendered":"

Uno de cada 12 estadounidenses padece asma, una enfermedad inflamatoria de las v\u00edas respiratorias cuyo coste se estima en 56.000 millones de<\/a> d\u00f3lares en Estados Unidos. No s\u00f3lo est\u00e1 aumentando la incidencia de la enfermedad, sino tambi\u00e9n la gravedad de los s\u00edntomas. Tratar el asma con eficacia es un serio reto para los m\u00e9dicos.<\/p>\n

Sin embargo, un nuevo descubrimiento en cronobiolog\u00eda<\/a> puede suponer una oportunidad para un tratamiento m\u00e1s eficaz del asma. Se sabe desde hace tiempo que los s\u00edntomas del asma siguen un ritmo estacional, empeorando en determinadas \u00e9pocas del a\u00f1o. Ahora sabemos tambi\u00e9n que siguen un ritmo circadiano<\/a>, agrav\u00e1ndose en diferentes momentos del d\u00eda.<\/p>\n

El ritmo circadiano del asma<\/h2>\n

Los s\u00edntomasdel asma<\/a> empeoran por la noche, sobre todo a \u00faltima hora y a primera hora de la ma\u00f1ana. Esto se debe probablemente a varios factores. En primer lugar, la funci\u00f3n pulmonar sigue un ritmo diurno<\/a>, con una mejor funci\u00f3n pulmonar durante el d\u00eda. Esto se debe probablemente a una mayor necesidad, ya que la mayor\u00eda de las personas realizan actividades extenuantes durante las horas diurnas. En segundo lugar, la inflamaci\u00f3n, causa principal de los s\u00edntomas del asma, sigue un ritmo circadiano en el que se liberan m\u00e1s mol\u00e9culas inflamatorias por la noche. Es muy probable que la disminuci\u00f3n de la funci\u00f3n pulmonar y el aumento de la inflamaci\u00f3n contribuyan al aumento de los s\u00edntomas del asma por la noche.<\/p>\n

Variaci\u00f3n diurna de los s\u00edntomas del asma<\/h2>\n

\"Asthma,<\/a>\u00bfCu\u00e1nto var\u00edan los s\u00edntomas del asma en un periodo de 24 horas? El 74% de las personas con asma se despiertan al menos una vez a la semana en las primeras horas de la ma\u00f1ana con s\u00edntomas como sibilancias y dificultad para respirar. El 40% afirma tener estos s\u00edntomas todas las noches. Tambi\u00e9n es m\u00e1s probable que la muerte por asma se produzca a \u00faltima hora de la noche y a primera hora de la ma\u00f1ana. Para muchas personas asm\u00e1ticas, respirar durante las primeras horas de la ma\u00f1ana es su mayor problema de salud. Esto hace que los s\u00edntomas de primera hora de la ma\u00f1ana supongan un reto incre\u00edble para los profesionales sanitarios encargados de tratar a los pacientes con asma.<\/p>\n

Un estudio reciente publicado en la revista ChronoPhysiology and<\/em> Therapy examin\u00f3 m\u00e1s de cerca la funci\u00f3n pulmonar nocturna para identificar la causa de la disminuci\u00f3n de la funci\u00f3n pulmonar por la noche. Se mantuvo a un grupo de ratas con un horario muy controlado, con exactamente 12 horas de luz y 12 horas de oscuridad. Se midi\u00f3 minuciosamente su expresi\u00f3n g\u00e9nica tanto de d\u00eda como de noche. Los investigadores descubrieron que la expresi\u00f3n de los genes relacionados con los factores de crecimiento, el metabolismo y la inflamaci\u00f3n variaba de forma significativa y fiable a lo largo de las 24 horas del d\u00eda.<\/p>\n

Esperanza para el tratamiento del asma<\/h2>\n

Esta variaci\u00f3n diurna reci\u00e9n descubierta<\/a> en la expresi\u00f3n g\u00e9nica ofrece esperanzas a las personas que luchan por controlar los s\u00edntomas del asma. Sugiere que alg\u00fan d\u00eda los s\u00edntomas nocturnos del asma podr\u00e1n tratarse eficazmente actuando sobre estas v\u00edas. Adem\u00e1s, la inflamaci\u00f3n cr\u00f3nica de las v\u00edas respiratorias, o el asma constante y sin variaci\u00f3n circadiana, puede deberse a alteraciones de las v\u00edas que controlan el ritmo circadiano. Nuevos estudios deber\u00e1n examinar esta informaci\u00f3n y sus posibles aplicaciones.<\/p>\n

Cronoterapia para el asma: Un nuevo enfoque<\/h2>\n

\"Asthma,<\/a>Aunque se necesitar\u00e1n estudios futuros para probar nuevos f\u00e1rmacos dirigidos a las v\u00edas inflamatorias, hay una lecci\u00f3n importante que aprender de este estudio reciente. La medicaci\u00f3n contra el asma puede ser m\u00e1s eficaz para prevenir las crisis si se administra a determinadas horas del d\u00eda<\/a>. Programar la medicaci\u00f3n y las terapias para que funcionen mejor con el ritmo circadiano natural de cada uno, o cronoterapia, es un campo relativamente nuevo de la atenci\u00f3n sanitaria que ha dado buenos resultados con otras enfermedades que muestran una variaci\u00f3n de 24 horas.<\/p>\n

La medicaci\u00f3n para el asma se divide en dos categor\u00edas: La medicaci\u00f3n que previene los ataques y la medicaci\u00f3n de rescate que se toma una vez que se est\u00e1 produciendo un ataque. La medicaci\u00f3n preventiva suele tomarse una vez al d\u00eda. Sin embargo, programar esta medicaci\u00f3n para que tenga niveles m\u00e1s altos por la noche y niveles m\u00e1s bajos durante el d\u00eda puede resultar m\u00e1s eficaz porque detendr\u00e1 los s\u00edntomas en los momentos en que es m\u00e1s probable que se produzcan.<\/p>\n

Vivir con asma es un reto para muchas personas; prevenir los s\u00edntomas del asma es un reto para los profesionales sanitarios, as\u00ed como un coste inmenso para nuestra econom\u00eda. Los nuevos descubrimientos en biolog\u00eda circadiana y cronoterapia est\u00e1n abriendo nuevas v\u00edas para una terapia del asma m\u00e1s eficaz y mejor dirigida.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Uno de cada 12 estadounidenses padece asma, una enfermedad inflamatoria de las v\u00edas respiratorias cuyo coste se estima en 56.000 millones de d\u00f3lares en Estados Unidos. No s\u00f3lo est\u00e1 aumentando la incidencia de la enfermedad, sino tambi\u00e9n la gravedad de los s\u00edntomas. Tratar el asma con eficacia es un serio reto para los m\u00e9dicos. Sin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-61332","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-el-ritmo-circadiano","8":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAsma: Los s\u00edntomas muestran un ritmo circadiano – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Asthma symptoms have long been known to follow a seasonal rhythm, worsening at certain times of the year. 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