{"id":61282,"date":"2015-03-19T00:05:23","date_gmt":"2015-03-19T00:05:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/circadian-sleep-disorders-2\/"},"modified":"2024-07-19T12:52:01","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T19:52:01","slug":"tiene-un-trastorno-circadiano-del-sue-o","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/tiene-un-trastorno-circadiano-del-sue-o\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfTiene un trastorno circadiano del sue\u00f1o?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Muchos de nosotros hemos experimentado los estragos derivados de un cambio en el ritmo circadiano. Incluso las personas sanas tienen que cambiar de vez en cuando sus patrones de sue\u00f1o debido al horario de verano o a los viajes. Sin embargo, algunas personas padecen trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o que les impiden dormir bien a horas normales. Estos trastornos pueden hacer que se sientan agotadas y con desfase horario todo el tiempo.<\/p>\n

\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un trastorno circadiano del sue\u00f1o?<\/h2>\n

El ritmo circ<\/a> adiano es un reloj de 24 horas del cuerpo humano que lo regula todo, desde el sue\u00f1o hasta la reparaci\u00f3n del ADN. Estos relojes son esenciales para una buena salud porque garantizan que los procesos se produzcan en el mejor momento. De hecho, existe un campo de la biolog\u00eda llamado cronobiolog\u00eda<\/a> que se centra en el estudio de estos relojes y sus efectos sobre la salud.<\/p>\n

Cuando el ritmo circadiano de una persona se altera, no s\u00f3lo sufre fatiga, insomnio y trastornos relacionados con el sue\u00f1o, sino tambi\u00e9n otros problemas de salud.<\/p>\n

Tipos de trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o<\/h2>\n

Existen varios tipos de trastornos<\/a> circadianos del sue\u00f1o. Algunos est\u00e1n causados por influencias externas, como el trabajo por turnos o los viajes a otra zona horaria, mientras que otros se deben a disfunciones en las \u00e1reas del cerebro que ajustan los relojes circadianos.<\/p>\n

\"Circadian<\/a>– El jet lag<\/strong>, tambi\u00e9n llamado desincronosis, se produce cuando el ritmo circadiano de un organismo no est\u00e1 alineado con el de su zona. Se llama jet lag porque la mayor\u00eda de la gente lo sufre tras un viaje en avi\u00f3n que les lleva r\u00e1pidamente a trav\u00e9s de zonas horarias. La mayor\u00eda de las personas sufren fatiga, dificultad para realizar tareas complejas, depresi\u00f3n y dificultad para dormir, pero se recuperan en pocos d\u00edas.<\/p>\n

– El trastorno por turnos<\/strong> se observa sobre todo en personas que trabajan de madrugada, por la tarde o por la noche. Estas personas pueden tener dificultades para conciliar un sue\u00f1o de calidad porque sus ciclos de sue\u00f1o no coinciden con el ritmo circadiano que marca su cerebro seg\u00fan las se\u00f1ales de luz y oscuridad. Las personas que lo padecen tendr\u00e1n los mismos s\u00edntomas que las que sufren jet lag, pero los experimentar\u00e1n durante un largo periodo de tiempo.<\/p>\n

– El s\u00edndrome de la fase de sue\u00f1o retrasada<\/strong> es un trastorno en el que el reloj interno de una persona est\u00e1 ajustado de tal manera que no puede conciliar el sue\u00f1o hasta mucho m\u00e1s tarde que la mayor\u00eda de la gente. Estas personas son incapaces de conciliar el sue\u00f1o hasta altas horas de la noche o primeras horas de la ma\u00f1ana, lo que les dificulta realizar las tareas normales de la vida que tienen lugar durante el d\u00eda.<\/p>\n

– El s\u00edndrome de la fase avanzada<\/strong> del sue\u00f1o es lo contrario del s\u00edndrome de la fase retrasada del sue\u00f1o. Las personas con este trastorno circadiano tienen sue\u00f1o y se duermen muy pronto, a menudo entre las 6 y las 8 de la tarde, y se despiertan ocho horas m\u00e1s tarde. En la mayor\u00eda de los casos, estas personas se ven menos afectadas que las que padecen fases de sue\u00f1o retrasadas, ya que pueden seguir funcionando durante las horas diurnas.<\/p>\n

– El trastorno de sue\u00f1o-vigilia sin 24<\/strong> horas es un trastorno en el que las personas tienen un ritmo circadiano que no funciona con ciclos de 24 horas, sino con ciclos de 25-26 horas en la mayor\u00eda de los casos. Estas personas se acuestan progresivamente m\u00e1s tarde y, por tanto, se despiertan progresivamente m\u00e1s tarde. La falta de una rutina definida de 24 horas puede dificultar sus estudios, su carrera profesional o la gesti\u00f3n de sus relaciones y familias.<\/p>\n

Efectos de los trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o<\/h2>\n

\"Circadian<\/a>Los investigadores saben ahora lo suficiente sobre la biolog\u00eda circadiana como para comprender algunos de los efectos de los trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o. Est\u00e1n los efectos esperados<\/a> de fatiga, insomnio y trastornos del sue\u00f1o. Sin embargo, la mayor\u00eda de las personas con estos trastornos tambi\u00e9n sufren cambios en el apetito, aumento de peso, incapacidad para mantenerse alerta, p\u00e9rdida de la funci\u00f3n cognitiva y de la memoria, as\u00ed como alteraciones hormonales. Estas personas tambi\u00e9n pueden ser m\u00e1s propensas a desarrollar enfermedades cardiacas y una amplia variedad de problemas de salud graves.<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s de causar problemas de salud, los trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o tambi\u00e9n pueden tener efectos devastadores en la vida. A menudo, las personas son incapaces de funcionar bien durante las horas en las que se supone que deber\u00edan estar trabajando y realizando otras tareas.<\/p>\n

\u00bfPuede tratarse un trastorno circadiano del sue\u00f1o?<\/h2>\n

Estos trastornos no se pueden curar, pero cada vez hay m\u00e1s tratamientos que ayudan a las personas a conseguir patrones de sue\u00f1o m\u00e1s normales y a reducir otros efectos sobre la salud. Hay varios medicamentos disponibles. Muchos m\u00e9dicos recomiendan tomar melatonina 30 minutos antes de la hora prevista de acostarse y luego tomar un estimulante como la cafe\u00edna para aumentar el estado de alerta durante el d\u00eda. Adem\u00e1s, la FDA ha aprobado recientemente un agonista de los receptores de melatonina llamado tasimelteon o Hetlioz<\/a> para tratar el trastorno del sue\u00f1o-vigilia de 24 horas en personas completamente ciegas.<\/p>\n

Existen tratamientos no farmacol\u00f3gicos y relacionados con el estilo de vida que pueden ayudar a las personas con trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o. Muchas personas utilizan luz brillante durante el d\u00eda y luego llevan gafas de bloqueo azul<\/a> antes de acostarse que ayudan a aumentar la producci\u00f3n de melatonina.<\/p>\n

Los trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o pueden ser devastadores para la salud y la vida de una persona. Sin embargo, los nuevos estudios en cronobiolog\u00eda est\u00e1n ayudando a los m\u00e9dicos a desarrollar nuevos medios para abordar y tratar estos trastornos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Muchos de nosotros hemos experimentado los estragos derivados de un cambio en el ritmo circadiano. Incluso las personas sanas tienen que cambiar de vez en cuando sus patrones de sue\u00f1o debido al horario de verano o a los viajes. Sin embargo, algunas personas padecen trastornos circadianos del sue\u00f1o que les impiden dormir bien a horas […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23223,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[204,173,205,218,214,216],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-61282","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-cronotipo-es","8":"category-el-ritmo-circadiano","9":"category-energia-es","10":"category-salud-mental","11":"category-sueno","12":"category-trabajo-por-turnos","13":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfTiene un trastorno circadiano del sue\u00f1o? – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Many of us have experienced the havoc resulting from a change in one's circadian rhythm. 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These disorders may leave them feeling exhausted and jet lagged all the time.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/tiene-un-trastorno-circadiano-del-sue-o\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/tiene-un-trastorno-circadiano-del-sue-o\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/tiene-un-trastorno-circadiano-del-sue-o\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/do-you-have-a-circadian-sleep-disorder-3.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/do-you-have-a-circadian-sleep-disorder-3.jpg","width":1800,"height":679},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/tiene-un-trastorno-circadiano-del-sue-o\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u00bfTiene un trastorno circadiano del sue\u00f1o?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/","name":"Chronobiology.com","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#organization","name":"Chronobiology","url":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/chronobiology_logo_en_r.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/chronobiology_logo_en_r.png","width":375,"height":90,"caption":"Chronobiology"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/chronobiology","https:\/\/x.com\/chronobionews","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/chronobiology\/","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/chronobiology\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/bbdffa2f15784a87635cc2a178677bf9","name":"Edwin Urbina","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9f2b187e688142c648b715334f89c7c0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9f2b187e688142c648b715334f89c7c0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Edwin Urbina"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61282"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61282"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61282\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61285,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61282\/revisions\/61285"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23223"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}