{"id":61232,"date":"2015-02-09T22:43:13","date_gmt":"2015-02-09T22:43:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/teenagers-need-more-sleep-so-why-are-they-getting-less\/"},"modified":"2024-07-19T12:51:30","modified_gmt":"2024-07-19T19:51:30","slug":"los-adolescentes-necesitan-dormir-m-s-por-qu-duermen-menos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/los-adolescentes-necesitan-dormir-m-s-por-qu-duermen-menos\/","title":{"rendered":"Los adolescentes necesitan dormir m\u00e1s. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 duermen menos?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aunque los adolescentes se consideran adultos, en realidad tienen necesidades muy especiales. Sus cuerpos y hormonas cambian r\u00e1pidamente a medida que atraviesan los \u00faltimos brotes de crecimiento y terminan la pubertad. La mayor\u00eda de los adolescentes necesitan entre nueve y diez horas de sue\u00f1o por noche, pero la mayor\u00eda no lo consigue. Si los adolescentes estadounidenses necesitan dormir m\u00e1s, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 no duermen lo suficiente?<\/p>\n

Un cambio circadiano<\/h2>\n

El ritmo circadiano es una de las muchas cosas que cambian durante la pubertad. El ritmo circ<\/a> adiano es un reloj de 24 horas que controla los distintos ciclos. Estos ciclos son muy importantes para diversas funciones, pero especialmente para los ciclos de sue\u00f1o-vigilia. Uno de los principales cambios es que los ritmos circadianos controlados por el n\u00facleo supraquiasm\u00e1tico del cerebro sufren un retraso de la fase de sue\u00f1o en la p<\/a>ubertad. Los ni\u00f1os y los adultos mayores tienen relojes internos programados para liberar melatonina<\/a> y provocarles sue\u00f1o por la noche, hacia las 20 o 21 horas. Esto se desplaza a las 22 u 23 horas en la pubertad. El resultado es que los adolescentes se duermen m\u00e1s tarde y deben despertarse m\u00e1s tarde para dormir lo suficiente. Hay varias razones por las que esto no es posible o factible para muchos adolescentes.<\/p>\n

Demasiadas distracciones<\/h2>\n

\"Teenagers,<\/a>Si conoces a un adolescente, entonces sabr\u00e1s de la gran cantidad de tiempo frente a la pantalla que tienen los adolescentes modernos. Smartphones, tabletas, ordenadores y televisores son una constante en la vida de la mayor\u00eda de los adolescentes. Los adolescentes occidentales pr\u00e1cticamente viven delante de una pantalla.<\/p>\n

\u00bfC\u00f3mo afecta esto a estos adolescentes? Seg\u00fan un estudio de 2012<\/a> publicado en la revista m\u00e9dica BMJ<\/em> Open, los adolescentes que pasan mucho tiempo frente a una pantalla duermen mucho menos. Los que est\u00e1n delante de un dispositivo cuatro horas al d\u00eda o m\u00e1s tienen m\u00e1s del triple de probabilidades de dormir menos de cinco horas cada noche. Adem\u00e1s, estos adolescentes eran m\u00e1s propensos a necesitar m\u00e1s de una hora para conciliar el sue\u00f1o.<\/p>\n

Con la tecnolog\u00eda cada vez m\u00e1s omnipresente, es posible que los adolescentes duerman menos que nunca. Esto supone un cambio negativo para su salud f\u00edsica y emocional.<\/p>\n

[wd_hustle id=\u00bbsue\u00f1o-estudiante\u00bb]<\/p>\n

\u00bfSon malos los horarios escolares para los adolescentes?<\/h2>\n

Si un adolescente est\u00e1 biol\u00f3gicamente programado para irse a dormir m\u00e1s tarde, entonces necesita levantarse m\u00e1s tarde para satisfacer sus necesidades f\u00edsicas m\u00ednimas. Sin embargo, la mayor\u00eda de los institutos no tienen en cuenta esta necesidad. La Academia Americana de Pediatr\u00eda emiti\u00f3 una declaraci\u00f3n<\/a> en la que afirmaba que las horas de inicio temprano de la escuela son realmente malas para la salud de ni\u00f1os y adolescentes, ya que provocan m\u00e1s accidentes de coche, malos h\u00e1bitos alimenticios, menor capacidad para aprender informaci\u00f3n y depresi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

En la declaraci\u00f3n se pide que los colegios empiecen a las 8.30 de la ma\u00f1ana o m\u00e1s tarde. Sin embargo, s\u00f3lo el 14% de las escuelas lo cumplen. El resultado es una naci\u00f3n de adolescentes incapaces de dormir seg\u00fan sus relojes naturales.<\/p>\n

Horarios ocupados, vidas ocupadas<\/h2>\n

\"Teenagers,<\/a>Adem\u00e1s de tener una cantidad desfavorable de tiempo de pantalla y horarios escolares irrazonablemente tempranos, muchos adolescentes tambi\u00e9n sufren de falta de sue\u00f1o debido a las exigencias de sus vidas. Tendemos a pensar en la infancia como una \u00e9poca despreocupada, pero esto no es cierto en el caso de muchos adolescentes. Adem\u00e1s de ir al colegio todo el d\u00eda, llegan a casa con una gran variedad de actividades extraescolares y deberes. Los adolescentes suelen tener horarios diarios que se llenan desde primera hora de la ma\u00f1ana hasta la noche.<\/p>\n

Este ritmo ser\u00eda agotador y estresante para un adulto, pero lo es a\u00fan m\u00e1s para un adolescente en edad de crecimiento. Adem\u00e1s, el estr\u00e9s combinado con la falta de sue\u00f1o puede causar alteraciones en el ritmo circadiano del adolescente. Esto no s\u00f3lo afecta al sue\u00f1o. Apenas estamos empezando a descubrir los efectos de la alteraci\u00f3n de los ritmos biol\u00f3gicos, pero sabemos que los relojes internos del cuerpo afectan al aprendizaje, el metabolismo, el estado de \u00e1nimo y mucho m\u00e1s. Alterar el ritmo diurno natural del cuerpo durante los a\u00f1os de formaci\u00f3n puede tener efectos sobre la salud para toda la vida.<\/p>\n

\u00bfSu hijo duerme lo suficiente?<\/h2>\n

Hay varias formas de saber si su hijo est\u00e1 durmiendo lo que necesita. Si le cuesta despertarse o parece demasiado cansado por la tarde, es probable que necesite dormir m\u00e1s. Si se duerme con facilidad durante el d\u00eda o necesita \u00abrecuperar\u00bb el sue\u00f1o durante el fin de semana, tambi\u00e9n es se\u00f1al de que le falta cantidad de sue\u00f1o. Adem\u00e1s, muchos adolescentes que no duermen lo suficiente muestran signos de TDAH, como falta de atenci\u00f3n y bajada de notas.<\/p>\n

Permitir que los adolescentes duerman<\/a> lo suficiente es esencial<\/a> para su salud y bienestar. Sin embargo, a una edad en la que necesitan dormir m\u00e1s que nunca, en realidad duermen menos. Ayudar a un adolescente a aprender buenos h\u00e1bitos de higiene y sue\u00f1o es un regalo que durar\u00e1 toda la vida.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aunque los adolescentes se consideran adultos, en realidad tienen necesidades muy especiales. Sus cuerpos y hormonas cambian r\u00e1pidamente a medida que atraviesan los \u00faltimos brotes de crecimiento y terminan la pubertad. La mayor\u00eda de los adolescentes necesitan entre nueve y diez horas de sue\u00f1o por noche, pero la mayor\u00eda no lo consigue. Si los adolescentes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":23107,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[205,214],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-61232","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-energia-es","8":"category-sueno","9":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLos adolescentes necesitan dormir m\u00e1s. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 duermen menos? – Chronobiology.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"While teens think of themselves as adults, they actually have very special needs. 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So if American teenagers need more sleep, why aren't they getting enough?","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/los-adolescentes-necesitan-dormir-m-s-por-qu-duermen-menos\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/los-adolescentes-necesitan-dormir-m-s-por-qu-duermen-menos\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/los-adolescentes-necesitan-dormir-m-s-por-qu-duermen-menos\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/teenagers-need-more-sleep-so-why-are-they-getting-less-4.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/teenagers-need-more-sleep-so-why-are-they-getting-less-4.jpg","width":1800,"height":679},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/los-adolescentes-necesitan-dormir-m-s-por-qu-duermen-menos\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Los adolescentes necesitan dormir m\u00e1s. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 duermen menos?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/","name":"Chronobiology.com","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#organization","name":"Chronobiology","url":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/chronobiology_logo_en_r.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.chronobiology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/chronobiology_logo_en_r.png","width":375,"height":90,"caption":"Chronobiology"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/chronobiology","https:\/\/x.com\/chronobionews","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/chronobiology\/","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/chronobiology\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/bbdffa2f15784a87635cc2a178677bf9","name":"Edwin Urbina","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9f2b187e688142c648b715334f89c7c0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9f2b187e688142c648b715334f89c7c0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Edwin Urbina"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61232"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61232"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61236,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61232\/revisions\/61236"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.chronobiology.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}